![]() ![]() The rabbis never refer to it as Palestine. Nevertheless, Feldman says that Rabbi Akiva testified in the second century that Diaspora Jews referred to the land as Eretz Israel. In the 2nd century CE, the Romans crushed the revolt of Shimon Bar Kokhba (132 CE), during which Jerusalem and Judea were conquered, and the area of Judea was renamed Palaestina in an attempt to minimize Jewish identification with the land of Israel.Īccording to Lewis Feldman, the appellation was likely chosen because it was common to use the name of the “nearest and most accessible tribe.” He notes that there is no evidence as to who chose the name or when it was done but argues it was most likely the Roman Emperor Hadrian, who was “responsible for several decrees that sought to crush the national and religious spirit of the Jews.” Coins with the word Judaea or something similar were produced at the time of the first Jewish revolt (66-70 CE). It was distinguished from Palestine and Syria. Judea Gets a New NameĪs early as 300 BCE, the term Judaea appears, most likely to describe the area where the population was predominantly Jewish. A derivative of the name Palestine first appears in Greek literature in the 5th Century BCE when the historian Herodotus used the word “ Palaistine” to refer to the coastal strip inhabited by the Philistines. The name “Israel” was first used in the tenth century BCE to refer to the northern Jewish kingdom following the division of Solomon’s kingdom.ĭuring the Persian period, the area that is now Israel and Syria was referred to as Coele-Syria. ![]() The term Canaan appeared in the fifteenth century BCE and was subsequently referred to as Eretz Bnei Yisrael,” the “Land of the Children of Israel” (Joshua 11:22) or Eretz Yisrael (I Samuel 13:19) after the Jewish return from Egypt. ![]() The Philistines were an Aegean people – more closely related to the Greeks and with no connection ethnically, linguistically, or historically with Arabia – who conquered the Mediterranean coastal plain that is now Israel and Gaza in the 12th Century BCE.īefore the Israelite conquest, the Egyptians called what is now Israel, Syria, and Lebanon Retenu. Roughly translated to mean rolling or migratory, the term was used to describe the inhabitants of the land to the northeast of Egypt – the Philistines. Though the definite origins of the word “Palestine” have been debated for years and are still not known for sure, the name is believed to be derived from the Egyptian and Hebrew word peleshet, which appears in the Tanakh no fewer than 250 times. It does occur at least eight times in eight verses of the Hebrew concordance of the King James Bible. “Palestine” is also not mentioned in the Old or New Testament. The words “ Palestine” or “Filastin” do not appear in the Koran. Introduction Judea Gets a New Name Greater Syria Stirring of Nationalism The West Bank Introduction At that time, the area was not yet called Palestine. Table of Contents| Origins of the Palestinians| Jewish Claim to Israel ![]()
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